Types of Malocclusion: Overbite, Underbite, Crossbite and Crowding Explained

Keep Smiling Dental · Sector 39, Gurugram · Updated 2026-09-19

If your teeth do not meet evenly when you bite down, or your teeth look crooked or crowded, you may have a condition called malocclusion. It is one of the most common dental concerns we see at our clinic near Medanta in Sector 39, Gurugram. Understanding the type of malocclusion you have is the first step toward choosing the right treatment.

What Is Malocclusion?

Malocclusion simply means a misalignment between the upper and lower teeth or jaws. It can be mild, where it only affects appearance, or more significant, where it interferes with chewing, speech, or jaw comfort. There are several distinct types, each with its own causes and treatment approach.

Overbite

An overbite occurs when the upper front teeth extend too far over the lower front teeth. A small amount of overlap is normal, but an excessive overbite can wear down teeth unevenly and affect the jaw joint over time.

Common Causes

• Genetics and inherited jaw shape
• Prolonged thumb sucking or pacifier use in childhood
• Missing or undersized lower teeth

Underbite

An underbite is the opposite condition, where the lower jaw and teeth sit in front of the upper teeth. This is often more noticeable and can make chewing certain foods difficult.

Common Causes

• Overgrowth of the lower jaw
• Undergrowth of the upper jaw
• Inherited facial bone structure

Crossbite

A crossbite happens when some upper teeth sit inside the lower teeth instead of outside, either on one side or both. If left untreated, it can lead to uneven jaw growth and premature tooth wear on the affected side.

Common Causes

• Delayed loss of baby teeth
• Narrow upper jaw arch
• Mouth breathing habits in children

Crowding

Crowding is one of the most frequent issues we see, where there is not enough space in the jaw for all the teeth to line up straight. This often results in overlapping, twisted, or rotated teeth.

Common Causes

• Small jaw size relative to tooth size
• Early loss or late eruption of baby teeth
• Extra or unusually large teeth

Treatment Options Beyond Traditional Braces

Metal braces remain effective, but many patients today have other choices depending on the type and severity of malocclusion.

In some cases, a combination approach works best, such as an expander followed by aligners, or minor reshaping alongside a short course of braces. Your dentist will examine your bite, take X-rays if needed, and recommend a plan suited to your specific situation.

Typical Cost Considerations

Costs for correcting malocclusion vary widely depending on the treatment type and complexity. As a general guide for patients in Sector 39, Gurugram, simple retainer-based corrections tend to be on the lower end, while clear aligners and jaw surgery fall on the higher end of the typical range. Your dentist can give you a more accurate estimate after an examination.

When to See a Dentist

If you notice your bite feels uneven, your child's teeth look crowded as permanent teeth come in, or you experience jaw discomfort while chewing, it is worth getting a proper evaluation. Early diagnosis often means simpler and more comfortable treatment later on.

Treatment costs mentioned on this page are indicative ranges for the Sector 39, Gurugram region. Your exact cost depends on your case and will be confirmed after a clinical examination at the clinic.